Consumer behavior & Market Segmentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Buyer conduct and Market Segmentation - Essay Example This model recommends that customers have some unsatisfied needs and needs whose acknowledgment is the initial phase all the while. This need can be invigorated by interior or outer upgrades. Upon need distinguishing proof buyers look for data and assess the options emerging out of that search. At long last the buy is made for the best-preferred brand. Shoppers likewise show post buy conduct; it is a stage that chooses how fulfilled the buyer is with the choice and will shape consumer’s re-buy or proposal choices. This entire procedure is impacted by numerous components (Kotler’s Marketing Essentials and refered to in Lee [31]) which incorporate social impacts, advertising impacts, situational impacts and mental impacts. As indicated by Stanton (66) â€Å"Marketing division comprises of taking the all out heterogeneous market for an item and partitioning it into a few sub-markets or sections every one of which will in general be homogenous in all critical aspects.† Consumer purchasing conduct and market division are connected in that fragments in a market are framed on four regular bases which incorporate geographic, segment, psychographic and social. Consequently conduct is one of the four significant bases for division. Division on the bases of geographic (area), segment (age, sex, religion, training) as well as psychographic (way of life or social class) is evident anyway thinking about conduct while dividing a business opportunity for an item is intense since it includes sectioning based on use, devotion and other comparative characteristics which shift from individual to individual. Division on social premise centers around the buyers attributes as well as worried about what buyers do and afterward shaping a fragment of shoppers indicating comparable conduct/sentiments towards a brand. Subsequently recognizing a section which shows comparable conduct/emotions towards an item is

Critically iscuss how Best Practice HRM Can Contribute to Improved Essay

Basically iscuss how Best Practice HRM Can Contribute to Improved Organizational Performance - Essay Example Following this, the conversation looks at the connection among HRM and upgraded hierarchical execution. The paper looks at the contentions and proof that HRM strategies and practices help in advancing more significant levels of hierarchical execution and studies whether the propelled contentions are persuading. The continually advancing business condition combined with the developing rivalry fuelled by globalization requests reception of a successful human asset practice, which profits the association a serious edge. Human influence is a huge contributory factor in accomplishing serious edge through consumer loyalty and association execution. Throughout the years, intrigue has been working in the idea of â€Å"best practice† human asset the board (HRM). The superseding thought depends on the idea that a specific heap of HR rehearses bears the possibility to add to improved representative perspectives and conduct, at last diminishing the level of non-attendance and workforce tu rnover. Over the most recent two decades, various distributions have investigated the connections among HRM and execution (Guest et al 2003, p. 294). Association execution envelops markers, for example, money related execution and greatness and profitability, just as results in perspectives, for example, ability, responsibility, and adaptability. Upgraded hierarchical execution alludes to improved workers mentalities and practices, limited level of non-attendance and work turnover and improved level of efficiency, quality and client assistance (Armstrong 2012, p.56). Eventually, improved hierarchical execution has the capacity of creating more significant levels of productivity. Writing Review Human asset the executives (HRM) manages the faculty approaches and administrative practices and frameworks that control the workforce. HRM subtleties a vital and rational methodology of an organization’s most dear resources the workers, who by and by and on the whole add to the achieve ment of the organization’s set goals. Human asset correspond with business execution, particularly â€Å"best or high performance† HRM rehearses, whose objectives is to upgrade employees’ capacities and inspiration (Sturm 2007, p.3). By and by, the relationship will in general be moderately minute in factual terms, other than the way that writing doesn't concur on the motivation behind why, on execution, some human asset rehearses fall flat. This brings up a basic issue regarding whether human asset frameworks bear the ability to make a serious edge without anyone else, or they should be proceeded or fortified by with different factors. Execution with regards to the association applies and is interchangeable with profitability, proficiency, adequacy, and seriousness. HRM scholars have endeavored to set up a causal connection among HRM and execution. Elite human asset rehearses bear a beneficial outcome on hierarchical realizing, which impacts emphatically on aut horitative execution. All things considered, it has been confused to initiate an immediate linkage of human asset rehearses on business execution (Lopez, Peon and Ordas 2005, p.147). Therefore, there has been developing enthusiasm for contemplates looking at the potential commitment of powerful human asset approach in supporting improvement of authoritative execution. This has had the effect of human asset the executives on execution a basic research issue in the field of HRM. So also, there has been a ceaseless hunt

Funny quotes

Funny quotes “I am going to call my kids Ctrl, Alt and Delete. Then if they muck up I will just hit them all at once.” Author Unknown“A computer once beat me at chess, but it was no match for me at kick boxing.” Emo Philips My life needs editing. Mort Sahl“By the time a man realizes that his father was right, he has a son who thinks he’s wrong.” Charles WadsworthLadies first. Pretty ladies sooner. Author Unknown“Men marry women with the hope they will never change. Women marry men with the hope they will change. Invariably they are both disappointed.” Albert Einstein“The quickest way to double your money is to fold it over and put it back in your pocket.” Will RogersA successful man is one who makes more money than his wife can spend. A successful woman is one who can find such a man. Lana Turner“Before you criticize someone, you should walk a mile in their shoes. That way when you criticize them, you are a mile away from them and you have their shoes.” Jack HandeyA day without sunshine is like, you know, night. Steve MartinA lot of people are afraid of heights. Not me, Im afraid of widths. Steven WrightHousework cant kill you, but why take a chance? Phyllis DillerA stockbroker urged me to buy a stock that would triple its value every year. I told him, At my age, I dont even buy green bananas.' Claude PepperMy most brilliant achievement was my ability to be able to persuade my wife to marry me. Winston ChurchillThe only time a woman really succeeds in changing a man is when he is a baby. Natalie WoodI would never die for my beliefs because I might be wrong. Bertrand RussellI never drink water because of the disgusting things that fish do in it. W. C. FieldsIm writing a book. Ive got the page numbers done. Steven WrightOriginality is the fine art of remembering what you hear but forgetting where you heard it. Laurence J. PeterA womans mind is cleaner than a mans: She changes it more often. Oliver HerfordWhy do they call it rush hour when nothing mo ves? Robin WilliamsTheres no such thing as soy milk. Its soy juice. Lewis BlackMy uncle Sammy was an angry man. He had printed on his tombstone: What are you looking at?' Margaret SmithIf at first you dont succeed, find out if the loser gets anything. William Lyon PhelpsMail your packages early so the post office can lose them in time for Christmas. Johnny CarsonIf you die in an elevator, be sure to push the up button. Sam Levenson“If you think nobody cares if you’re alive, try missing a couple of payments.” Earl Wilson“A bank is a place that will lend you money if you can prove that you don’t need it.” Bob Hope“The human brain is a wonderful thing. It starts working the moment you are born, and never stops until you stand up to speak in public.” George JesselRegular naps prevent old age, especially if you take them while driving. Author UnknownMarriage is a relationship in which one person is always right and the other is the husband! Author Unknown

Organization Shall Ziaratgul Choose Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2190 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? As Ziarat gull dont have the required capital and financial resource to start up his business he would need external finance here to start new business he can borrow money from his friends and family. Friends and family who are helpful of the business idea offer money either directly to the Ziarat gull or into the business.   This can be faster and inexpensive to arrange (definitely compared with a regular bank loan) and the interest and payment terms can be more flexible than a bank loan. The other way which will help him to raise findings is the capital brought in to the business by the partners. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Organization Shall Ziaratgul Choose Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Leasing is the other option which will help him to raise funds for his venture. Leasing a form of rental he can take assets like vehicles, computers, tracking systems and office equipments on lease. A lease is an treaty between two parties the lessee and lessor. Lessor is the one who owns the assets and give his asset on lease. Lessee is the one who takes an asset on lease and in return make payments to the lessor. Task for p3: Please justify what will be the implications of your Choices suggested for question 1 2? There are going to be advantages and disadvantages of both the type of organization chosen by Ziarat gull that is partnership and the sources of finance through which he raises funds for his new venture that is borrowing from and family and leasing. Advantages of partnership ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢Partnerships are comparatively easy to start. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ With more than one owner, the capability to raise funds can be increased, together because two or more partners may be able to contribute more capitals and because their borrowing ability may be larger. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Potential employees may be attracted to the business if given the motivation to become a partner. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ A partnership may benefit from the mixture of complimentary talents of two or more persons. There is a broader pool of knowledge, skills and links. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Partnerships can be cost-effective as every partner specializes in certain parts of their business. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Partnerships provide moral support and will let for additional creative brainstorming. Disadvantages of partnership ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Business partners are jointly and individually liable for the activities of the other partners. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Profits need to be shared with others. You must to decide on how you worth each others time and skills. What occurs if one partner can put in less time due to private situations? ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Since decisions are shared, differences can arise. A partnership is for the long term, and expectations and conditions can vary, which can lead to dramatic and disturbing split ups. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ The partnership may have a narrow life; it may finish upon the withdrawal or death of a partner. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ A partnership often has limitations that keep it from becoming a huge business. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ You have to consult your partner and discuss more as you cannot make decisions by yourself. You thus need to be more flexible. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡  ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ A key disadvantage of a partnership is unlimited liability. Overall partners are liable without limit for all debts contracted and faults made by the partnership. For instance, if you own only 1 percent of the partnership and the business flops, you will be called upon to pay 1 percent of the bills and the other partners will be assessed their 99 percent. Though, if your partners cannot pay, you may be called upon to pay all the debts even if you must sell off all your properties to do so. This makes partnerships too dangerous for most circumstances. Advantages of borrowing from friends and family Speed ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢One advantage of borrowing money from friends and family lies in its comparative speed in contrast to borrowing from traditional lending institutes. Borrowing money to start a business can take weeks or months when going through a bank; friends and family fellows may be ready to cut a check on the spot, based on the level of urgency involved or how much money you are requesting. Friends and family members can also simply pick up the telephone to request an instant bank transfer, with loans arriving in your account just a few hours later. Processing ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢When borrowing money from banks and other groups, youll normally have to show bulks of documentation proving to your credit worthiness. This may include gathering old bank statements, check stubs; tax returns even divorce papers and bankruptcy documents. Reference checks, several meetings with credit specialists and other hoops can make the procedure quite lengthy. An advantage to borrowing money from friends and family fellows is that the procedure is less complex. As they know and trust you, you will have less to prove before borrowing can still take place. Interest ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢Another advantage to borrowing money from friends and family is that you will likely pay lower interest rates and processing fees, making it inexpensive and speedier to pay back the loan. And certain friends and family members might decide not to charge interest at all. Altruism ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢Friends and family may take pride in lending you money for a worthy pursuit, such as beginning a business. This sense of altruism is the other advantage of borrowing money from loved ones. They will feel invested in your forthcoming success and will enjoy having played a vital part in helping you achieve your dreams. Disadvantages of borrowing from friends and family No Credit Reporting ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢When you take a loan from a bank, the lender can report your payment history to a credit agency. If you did not make timely payments and does not pay off the loan as agreed, it can negatively affect your credit score. However if you get a loan from a family member not from a bank, that info is not reported to credit agency. Reputation One of the disadvantages of borrowing from a family member is that if you default on the loan, your monetary reputation is not the only issue at stake. If you cannot return the loan as promised your family reputation is at danger as well. Borrowing from a family member can lead to suspicion and conflict disputes among family members if the debt is not repaid. Advantages of leasing (I) No Large Outlay The major advantage of leasing equipment is that the cost is spread over a number of years; there is no necessity for you to pay the whole amount upfront. This can significantly help uphold cash flow, which is serious to all businesses. Poor cash flow is the chief cause of business flops, and leasing can help you to keep it under well control. Leasing can also let you to use better equipment e.g. A more efficient ,faster ,more accurate product that would be very much expensive to buy outright. (ii) Security When you lease a product, it is still owned by the leasing firm, which means that they have better security on your finance. This means you are not likely to need any more security to be able to start a leasing contract, and so you have a much better chance of approval (passing the credit check) than with other methods of finance. (iii) Tax Advantages Lease rentals are considered as an working cost, which means that it is frequently possible to subtract them from taxable profits as a trading expense. Though, you should always check that the equipment which you are buying is qualified before agreeing to a contract. (iv) Budgeting As a lease agreement is almost always a fixed contract, it is quite easy to budget and estimate with. The amount can be functioned into your businesses budget much easily than an unevenly happening lump sum; allowing you to keep a much better control over present and future cash flow. In the event that you need an item substituting speedily, you can do so with a comparatively slight monthly adjustment to the budget, instead of a lump sum that could extremely harm cash flow. Disadvantages of leasing (I) No Ownership The chief disadvantage of leasing is that you never own the merchandise. It remains the property of the leasing company through and after the lease. As you do not own the merchandise, you are not able to sell it in the event it is no longer required, and you cannot upgrade to a newer or better product without either paying off the remaining contract, or paying a huge fee to abandon the contract. You also need to keep on paying a lesser lease cost, even after the cost of the equipment has been completely covered. (ii) Long Term Expense Although leasing allows you to evade paying a huge lump sum, over a long period of time it often works out considerably much more expensive. Over the passage of a standard lease, you pay the cost of the equipment and also the leasing companies charges. After the lease ends you need to keep on paying rental to use the product. This means that over a number of years, you will pay more than the real cost of the equipment without ever really owning it. (iii) Maintenance Even though you do not own the equipment that you lease, you are still accountable for its maintenance and repair. Unless you have specifically skilled and trained workers to fix the equipment, then this could prove very expensive in the event of a serious error. Certain leasing companies will allow you to cover the maintenance and repair charges for an additional sum. This is added to the monthly leasing cost. This will increase your monthly expenditures. Task for M1: How shall the fund be raised in this new Scenario? In order to expand their business they would need other sources of financed which are shown in the graph below imagesCA29DE9D.jpg Retained Profits: This is a source of finance that would only be available to a firm that already exists. Profits from a firm can be used by the owners for their own personal use The owner of Ziarat Gul bus services will have to decide what the best alternative for their business is. In the early stages of their growth, it may be necessary to put back a lot of earnings into the business. This finance can be used to buy new equipment and machinery or raw materials and hopefully make the business more efficient and profitable in the future Floating shares on stock market. Their business is already running successfully and they want to expand their business so they float their shares on to the stock exchange market to generate revenue which they can use to expand their business. Share capital is the money invested in a company by the shareholders. Share capital is a long-term source of finance. In return for their investment, shareholders gain a share of the ownership of the company. Plan and Savings: The owner of Ziarat Gull Bus services should consider business revenue as a source for financing. Make an expansion plan and then forecast how long it will take the business to save the money needed to finance it. If the schedule for expansion and the money saving forecast are well-matched, then plan on using business money to pay for the expansion. Tanks for M2: What shall be the modification in its legal status as a registered company? First it was Ziarat Gul Bus Service but to raise the finance Ziarat had to float his shares on the stock market, for that he had to bring some changes to the business. That is he gave his business a legal status to the business, hence the business is now called Ziarat Gul Bus service (pvt) ltd. This is because the control still lies in the hands of the owner as he had retained 51% of the shares of his business and floated 49% lies in the hands of shareholders Task for M3: Which Stock Exchange in Pakistan should it register with? Or why should it choose between ISE, LSE and KSE? They should choose KSE (Karachi stock exchange) because it has the most listed companies compare to the other stock exchange in Pakistan. Advantages: They will more opportunities in KSE. More effective trading. Huge market to float shares in. Large number of brokers. karachi_stock_exchange_20060904.jpg Task for D1: Will Mr. Ziarat Gul and his newly named company directly approach the share holders or is there a mechanism mentioned in your book that facilitates this process? Since Ziarat Gulls business is now a private limited company and has a legal status , he can now sell his business shares on the stock market. To reach the share holders he would have to go through a whole chain or path of the stock exchange. They will first go to over the counter(OTC) their shares will be floated on OTC. This is becouse this business is a newly established business and they cant compet with the other huge and successful businesses which are listed on the stock exchange. Mr. Ziarat Gull cant reach every share holder directly because it is dificult and time consuming task, so there should be a middle man who can connect the share holders and the owner, and for this there are brockers who connect both of them.

`` The Odyssey `` The Epic Story Of The Hero Journey

Heroes, as depicted in literature, often undertake the most difficult tasks and place themselves in mortal danger in order to bring back, for themselves and their societies, both knowledge and treasure. Their stories follow what Joseph Campbell calls the â€Å"Hero Journey.† The Odyssey, as the epic story of the hero Odysseus, follows closely the complete cycle of Joseph Campbell’s Hero Journey, both as a physical and as a psychological undertaking. The Hero Journey, used as a framework for both Odysseus’ physical and mental journeys, serves to bind the two together. Each of Odysseus’s physical difficulties can be viewed as a metaphor for a psychological hardship that he must overcome, and by overcoming these hardships, Odysseus†¦show more content†¦Odysseus’ journey begins twenty years prior to the start of The Odyssey. At home, he is called upon by Agamemnon to join the Atrides in a war to conquer Troy and return Helen to her rightful hus band, Menelaus. For one month Odysseus refuses to leave his safe home on Ithaca. We are not told of the rationale behind his final decision to join the war; however, we must assume that he believes he will be successful, returning home with many spoils of war. His decision to leave Ithaca 2 cannot be merely an external one: he is a young king, and while he rules his land with great strength, he is inexperienced (he does not wish to go off to battle (Book 24, ll. 126-128)). In part, his reasons for initiating his journey must include the experience and maturity he will gain fighting the Trojans. We can take the initial threshold Odysseus must cross to be the Trojan War itself. The war represents a first step for Odysseus—after all, while it is his trickery that eventually wins the war for the Achaeans (it was his idea to build the large wooden horse in which the Achean army hid and from which they successfully sacked Troy (Book 4, ll. 304-306)), we are introduced to Odysseus as â€Å"the man of twists and turns† (Book 1, l. 1). Cunning is a trait he already possesses: It cannot be the object of his journey; it merely starts him off. Yet he must initially survive the battle, and his survival proves hisShow MoreRelatedSundiata Essay971 Words   |  4 Pages Epics Sundiata was written in Africa. Gilgamesh was the oldest one written. Other works include the Iliad and the Odyssey, which were written by the blind prophet Homer. What do all these works of literature have in common with each other? The similarity that all these works of literature have is that they are all epics. What does this mean? What is an epic? 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Single Mothers and Higher Education Free Essays

Every day in America another woman becomes a mother. In an average year 4,248,000 women in the United States become mothers (Ventura, 2012). â€Å"One out of every three American children is born to a single mother† (Single Mothers 2006). We will write a custom essay sample on Single Mothers and Higher Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now With divorces still at 856,000 a year (Amato, 2010) thousands of children are suffering from single parent families. Divorce is not only hard on children but also women. Most women do not have higher educations before the divorce and this causes financial hardships. Due to this hardship women return to college in hopes to seek a higher education and be able to provide better for their children. The review of literature not only demonstrated the amount of stress one goes through but also the financial burdens they are faced with during this time. Literature came to show although the difficulties during these times were rough, but the outcomes were beneficial. Single Mothers and Higher Education If being a single mother is not hard enough, being a single mother going towards a higher education is even harder. Every day, women in America go back to school in hopes to achieve a higher education. Single mothers face many challenges when it comes to pursuing a college degree. These single mothers are not only working they are also care for their children and trying to achieve a higher education. In reports from 2011 37% of mothers were single parents (Postal 2013). Not only are these mother struggling these children of single mothers are also struggling. They are born into poverty and have a higher chance of becoming teen parents along with higher rates of drop outs during high school years. Higher educations for these moms are one way they can help their kids beat the odds. When being born into a single mother household yours odds are stacked against you. Right out of the gate you are â€Å"more likely to live in poverty and have poor development outcomes† (Postal, 2013). â€Å"Completion of an undergraduate degree is one way single mothers can mitigate the risk that they and their children will live in straitened circumstances† (Synnott, 2010). These challenges make it hard for single mothers to continue to push forward and some of them never see the end of the light where as others are able to finish and able to provide a life that would of never been possible without a higher education. Over the last four decades the rate of marriages have went down and the divorce rates have risen causing a large amount of single mothers to be left in this world to fend for not only themselves but also their children (McLanahan Casper, 1995). Reports back in 1999 showed that over 20% of families are being raised by single mothers (Capser Bryson, 1998). The struggles that one faces in a single parent family are larger than those who come from dual families. Single parents struggle with not only poverty but also have poor support systems. In 2000, 25% of single-mother and 12% of single-father families lived in poverty, compared with 5% of married-couple families with children† (U. S. Bureau of the Census, 2001). The average income for a single mother in 2011 Census was $23,000 (U. S. Bureau of the Census, 2011). With an income like this they are barely able to make ends meet and most of them are on some form of public assistance. Poverty is not the only issue when coming from single parent families adequate support is also a big issues. A lot of these children struggle in school due to lack of food, shelter or help at home. Although the government has put programs into place to help families who struggle with poverty these programs are just a temporary fix and when these women do get jobs they are barely able to make ends meet. Women who can get jobs have a hard time finding someone to watch their children. Most single moms don’t even make enough to cover a child care provider in order to make it to work. The quality of childcare is also at stake when you can only offer a small amount of compensation for their services. So more and more women are forced to stay at home and live off the government until they are able to achieve a better education, or they are forced to work more than one job in order to make it. More and more women now days are the sole provider for their households. Without a good job they suffer tremendously that is why higher educations are so important now days. In order to obtain a higher education there is a cost and a lot of single mothers cannot afford that cost. Single mothers fear they can’t keep their household up and pay tuition too. Money is one of the most common problems many single mothers orry about. The government has seen this time and time again and they have discovered that women do not go back to school because of lack of funds and they have built programs catered to single mothers so they can achieve a better education. Since the government has been able to fund programs to help pay for higher education they are able to help these women make it through t he system and come out on top. Not only has the government set aside special funds for single parents they have also put out scholarships and some colleges offer discounted tuition rates. In a recent report from Action Project out of New York City they found â€Å"over half of workers make less than $10 an hour, over 70% don’t get health insurance through their job, only 17% have a regular schedule, and just 25% have used a paid sick day. It may be little wonder, then, that single mothers earn less than half of what households with a married couple bring in – $32,597 compared to $71,830† (Walton 2012). Single mothers on average are making only ten dollars an hour they don’t even bring home enough money to cover their bills then they have to pay childcare which takes up half their checks (Walton 2012). Walton found that for an infant in childcare center it could cost as much as $20,200 a year in New York City (Walton 2012). Mind you these women are only making $32,597 a month that does not leave them much to live on during the year (Walton 2012). This is why it is very important for women to have a good solid education so they can make more than ten dollars an hour and can provide a better life for their family. Women who do go forward and get a higher education even if it’s just an Associate degree are better off financially. On average women who graduate with two-year degrees are earning an average salary of $34,960, and some earn significantly more (O’Shaughnessy, 2012). With a 4 year degree they can start off in the low 40’s (O’Shaughnessy, 2012). In the long run 4 year degrees tend to pay off the best for single mothers not only do they make more but better opportunities. Although there are some two year degrees can pay out too. A lot of degree’s in the medical field like nursing start to pay out after you have a 2 year degree but once you hit the 4 year degree your salary can increase tremendously (O’Shaughnessy 2012). Getting an education gives you a chance to move forward in life it also gives you opportunities that you would not have before. Now day’s jobs seek only those with a degree whereas before you could get into places without it now they demand it. Although it’s still possible to make a good living without a degree you are better off in the economy today to get one. Over the years more and more programs have been put out there to help aid single mothers. These programs promote education and show them their dream can become a reality. When a single mother who makes $22,000 a year looks at college and sees one class cost anywhere from 400-1200 a class they don’t think it will ever be possible (Walton 2012). Many programs have been put into place though to help them through this rough patch in life and help them achieve their goals. San Joaquin Delta College has a grant in place called the Cal Grant this grant covers as much as 50 percent of your cost for school† (Parrish, 2013). In order to receive this grant you must have a certain GPA. Another one of their programs they have which helps pay for tuition makes you be involved in the community programs to be eligible. Another great program that college also has is miracle mile association which helps single mothers though college with private donations. Another great program that was started at this college by a student who received the miracle mile was the Dome of Hope. Gwendolyn Primous was a student who got the grant and got inspiration to help others achieve the same goal of getting a higher education. Gwendolyn Primous stated: â€Å"I want to help people,† she said. I want to help them with their education and provide mobile tutoring. I want to help prepare people for work and break the cycles of habitual unemployment and working the system† (Parrish, 2013). It’s because of people like her who have been in the shoes and walked the life of poverty that understand the importance of these programs and the need to have them in place. Another great grant that has been offered to students who have overcome social and economic obstacles to obtain a higher education is the CONNTAC inc scholarship (Helen. 009). It provided students with 10,000 dollars to obtain a higher education. This program sees the obstacles one faces in order to get where they are and they want to help make the path easier by helping financially. A program called the Jeremiah Program has been put into place to allow single parents to achieve a higher education and fight the poverty they have been living in. This program was developed in 1998 with the philosophy â€Å"that mothers who succeed can life entire families out of poverty† (Quinton 2013). They have living quarters for these women to live in during their education and the women who start out there make no more than ten bucks and hour but after graduation they are making almost twenty dollars an hour. It’s amazing what this program does for these women. This program not only gives them an education, but a better life for their children and family. There are many other grants out there for single mothers people just have to look and have to want to do all the paperwork to get them. Another well-known program is Pell-Grants. These are based on your income and do not have to be paid back. The max Pell-grant is 5500 a year, although this is not enough to pay for college it can sure help along the way and cut down on the amount you have to pay† (Parrish, 2013). Last would be government subsidized and un-subsidized loans these are loans that are not based on your credit and can help you pay for your books, tuition and college related expenses. The key though is they do have to be paid back and the interest on these loans does add up. There are several ways to pay for college and many financial advisors out there to help you achieve the goal you just have to want to do it. These forms of loans can add up fast and when you have to repay them after college you can find yourself in a bit of a bind with the interest rates. It’s good to have these as a backup but grants and scholarships are always a better route to go. As post-secondary education is not always the easiest to achieve it is something that once you earn it no one can take it away. Zahn found in his studies in 2004 that those who go forth to get a 4 year degree improve the economic status for single mothers (Zahn 2004). Due to the amount of single mothers more and more studies have been done to show the importance of higher educations. With the advanced career more jobs will be offered to you. If you have a degree you are more likely to be chosen for an interview than someone who just has a high school diploma. The employer looks at those candidates as someone with specific expertise in that field. When it comes between degree or no degree employers see the candidate as someone who is goal orientated and someone who will succeed because degrees are not just handed out. By obtaining the higher education you will be looked at in new ways and have a better chance at a better job. Statistics just another word for a set of numbers people fall into on a daily basis. The U. S. Census Bureau found that women are becoming the lead breadwinners for their families (U. S. Census 2011). Of these female readwinners two thirds are single mothers (Rampell 2013). â€Å"The single mom statistics which was carried out in the United States reveal that there are almost 13. 7 million single parents as of November 2009. These single parents are responsible for providing for around 21. 8 million children. Out of this figure an estimated 26% are of age 21† (U. S Census Bureau of 2009. ) With these numbers being so high it covers a large percent of our population. Single mothers are hardworking i ndividuals that if given the right opportunities can go far in life. With all the new programs they have out to help single mothers go to college and achieve a higher education it’s sad more people don’t jump on the band wagon and stick to it. A lot of people find excuses and I feel they truly don’t want to better their lives. Out of 12. 2 million single parent families in 2012, more than 80% were headed by single mothers (US Census Bureau, 2009). With single mother hood on the rise its our job to open their eyes and see the benefits of achieving a higher education and the opportunities that will be available if they are to achieve this goal. There are many ways we can help single mothers walk across that stage and reach that ultimate goal. Donations are always a great way to get there. Most the time single moms don’t go back to school because funds are tight and they can’t afford to take care of children and get an education. With donations to programs like miracle mile association women are able to go back to school and get that education they deserve and their children are able to have a more financially stable house hold. It’s never easy no matter what age you go back to school but just knowing your cost are taken care of is a huge burden lifted so you can focus more on the education and less on the how am I going to pay for it. Another great way we can help is to make people more aware of these programs because a lot of people don’t know they exist. Spread the word and let people know that this goal can be achieved in these little steps. Also being a support network for someone who has gone back to school can be a big help too because it is scary and it is hard to get back into the swing of things, but with help it is possible. How to cite Single Mothers and Higher Education, Papers

Making Sense of Panda 3.9 †What Does it Mean For Your Web Sites Content

A few days ago, Google tweeted that a new â€Å"data refresh† of Panda would begin rolling out that night. Dubbed Panda 3.9 because this is the ninth tweak to Panda, this update is expected to affect roughly 1 percent of all search results. With yet another announced Panda update, it’s easy to panic. After all, if your websites were hurt in previous updates, a sense of dread is sure to accompany each new change to Panda. But will recent Panda updates have the same bite as earlier ones? The Most Recent Panda Updates Since the beginning of the year, Google has tweaked Panda eight times. In the last two months, we saw three Panda updates: Panda 3.7, Panda 3.8, and Panda 3.9. Panda 3.7 rolled out as a â€Å"data refresh† on June 8th and was said to affect less than one percent of search results in the U.S. and about one percent of results around the world. A couple of weeks later, Panda 3.8 was released, again as a data refresh and again expected to affect about one percent of search engine results. Do you see a trend here? Panda 3.9, which just happened, was also labeled as a data refresh. It is also expected to affect approximately one percent of search results. What is a Data Refresh? In order to understand the potential impact of Panda 3.7, Panda 3.8, and Panda 3.9, you need to know what Google means when it calls a Panda update a â€Å"data refresh.† According to Matt Cutts’ blog post titled, Explaining Algorithm Updates and Data Refreshes, a data refresh occurs when data is refreshed within an existing algorithm such as an index update. What is an index update? This is when new Google index data is pushed to its data centers. In short, a data refresh isn’t a major change to the algorithm; it’s a change to the data that the algorithms work with. Imagine you run a telemarketing call center and use a combination of hardware and software (commonly called predictive dialers) to place phone calls. If you change the hardware and software used to make the calls so that calls are made only to males living in the 916 area code, that would be comparable to changing an algorithm. It would have a huge impact on operations as females and anyone living outside that area code would be effectively de-listed. On the other hand, if you update the list of phone numbers of prospects to call, that would be comparable to a data refresh and it would have a minimal impact. It would simply add newly discovered males in that area code or remove those who have moved away or opted out. Since the algorithm itself hasn’t been changed, just the data it looks at, the impact on search results is minimal with a data refresh. Hence, the repeated assurances that only about one percent of results will be affected. The Implications of Panda Data Refreshes If data refreshes are relatively minor, what’s the big deal about Panda 3.9 and its data refresh siblings? These updates reinforce Google’s commitment to improving its search results. When Google tweeted the most recent data refresh, it also included a link to its May 6, 2011 blog post, More Guidance on Building High-Quality Sites(be sure to check out our post explaining what this means. The inclusion of that particular link tells us this: Google is still focused on helping Google users find relevant, high-quality sites. The best way to ensure that future Panda updates won’t hurt you is to give Google and, more importantly, your website’s visitors, what they want: fresh, informative, and well-written unique content and articles. If you do this consistently, you’ll never have to fear the words Panda update again.

The impact of globalization Essays

The impact of globalization Essays The impact of globalization Essay The impact of globalization Essay Write an essay on the impact of globalization on societal policy. Introduction: This essay will discourse globalisation in respects to societal policy, it will look on the impact it has made on societal policy. It will include a definition of globalisation, including what it is and how it works. Following it will discourse economic globalisation, what caused it and who is involved in the procedure of it. After it will analyze planetary administration, how this job would be solved and how other issues are resolved. Throughout these definitions it will look at transnational corporations, the nation’s province, international organisation and civil society organisations. Last it will reason with an sentiment on whether globalisation has impacted on societal policy. Globalization: Today we hear a batch about globalisation and the ways in how it’s altering out universe, it has affected many states in assorted ways including ; economically, politically and socially. Globalization has been used as a generic term to depict a assortment of economic procedures, including ; increasing internalisation of the production and exchange of goods and services, the deregulating of fiscal minutess, the resettlement and restructuring of productive activities in the universe and the spread of free trade on a universe broad graduated table ( Sykes, 2003 ) . Globalization has effects on the environment, on civilization, political systems, economic development and on human physical wellbeing in all different states in the universe. Globalization is non a new epidemic, for old ages people and corporations have been purchasing and selling from each other from great distances across the universe. There are many manifestations of globalisation, these include ; communicating, in gestion, finance and planetary money ( Schiarto and Webb, 2003 ) . It has been argued that the spread of globalisation means the economic links between state provinces in the universe market have become more competitory. Globalization is progressively seen as a cardinal characteristic of the development of universe capitalist economy taking to nationally managed economic systems, to the prostration of state provinces and to a loss of democratic control by ordinary citizens over their lives ( Ritzer, 2007 ) . The current moving ridge of globalisation has been driven by policies that have opened economic systems domestically and internationally. In the past two decennaries many authoritiess have adopted free market systems, increasing their ain potency and making new chances for international trade and investing. Governments besides have negotiated decreases in barriers and have established international understandings to advance trade and services ( Hopper, 2006 ) . Corporations have taken advantage of this and have built foreign mills and established production with foreign spouses, this is a defining characteristic of globalisation, an international industrial and fiscal concern construction. Another principal of globalisation is engineering ; the promotion in engineering has improved the economic life. It has provided all kinds of economic tools for placing and prosecuting economic chances including faster and more elaborate tendencies around the universe. Globalization can be really controversial, as some argue that it allows poorer states to better their life by developing their lives economically ; nevertheless some people believe that it’s a negative development, as because of the international free market economic system, the smaller local endeavors and local civilizations are affected. To happen the balance between benefits and costs with globalisations, people all over the universe demand to understand how globalisation works, and how the policies confronting them work ( Koivukoski and Tabachnick, 2004 ) . Economic Globalization: Economic globalisation is the increasing economic integrating and mutuality of national, regional and local economic systems around the universe, it focuses on the globalisation of production, finance, establishments, organisations and selling and engineering. While economic globalisation has been spread outing since the development of international trade, it has grown at an increased rate over the last 20-30 old ages, this has made states cut down trade barriers. This cut has led to accounted economic systems incorporating with less developed economic systems. Not merely has economic globalisation increased incomes and lowered consumer monetary values, it besides changes the power balance between developing and developed states and has an impact on the civilization of each affected state ( Cousins, 2005 ) . The ground for this economic globalisation is due to the rapid growing of engineering and scientific discipline, cut downing the cost of transit and communicating. This type of t echnological promotion has greatly reduced the cost of international trade and investing. For illustration Ford autos are designed in Germany, its pitching system in Korea, the pump in the USA and its engines in Australia ( Shangquan, 2005 ) . It is this exact type of technological promotion that has made this type of planetary production possible. If technological promotion and information engineering development were the driving force for economic globalisation, so the market orientated transmutation carried out throughout the universe would be considered as an institutional drive force for this tendency. Economic globalisation is organized by transnational corporations, which are its primary bearers. The transnational corporations ( MNCs ) organise production and designating resources in order for maximal net income. Economic globalisation in the fiscal sector has become the fasted growth and most influential facet of globalisation. International finance besides began to function the demands of international investing Acts of the Apostless and trade. Economic globalisation has intensified in the universe, which means the competition at the international market is tougher among the endeavors from different states around the universe. Both domestic endeavors and those from different states around the universe have been fall backing to amalgamations and aid from one another, in order to better their fight and to raise their places, in the terminal this consequences in moving ridges of industrial restructuring. In the procedure of economic globalisation it is the dominant states that play the dominant function. This function of developed states is besides apparent in the fact that they determine the regulations for international economic exchanges. Global Administration: Global administration is the different ways organisations, concerns and establishments manage their personal businesss, it includes the application of Torahs and ordinances, but besides the norms, ethical criterions and imposts ( WHO.ie, 2014 ) . It is a system used to accomplish common aims in a just and merely manner. This means that values, criterions and Torahs would wholly be the same, they they should be analysed, discussed and understood in the best manner possible. Normally the authorities has been associated with regulating establishments. However governance littorals for formal political establishments that aims to organize and command independent societal dealingss. Good planetary administration is when the personal businesss are good, non the Torahs and ordinances in topographic point. The demand for planetary administration is from the consequence of the globalisation procedure, it calls chiefly for the direction of market failures and their effects in interstate dealing ss. Typical illustrations of administration include weaponries control and free trade direction to get by with the hazards of weaponries race. Global administration can non work without power, without power in states there can non be any successful out comes ( Vayrynan, 1999 ) . There are three different parts of administration. First is international system, â€Å"composed of autonomous provinces, organized in logic that’s needfully the same as a decentralized mechanism† ( Lamy, 2010 ) . Most international organisations operate in this manner. Then there’s the European Union, the manifestation of an international organisation of integrating in which members have agreed to abandon laterality in order to beef up the effectivity of the state’s actions. Finally there’s the states province, the holder of power. That nation’s province is able to implement persons to pay revenue enhancements or to obey velocity bounds. The chief challenge of plane tary administration is to place leading, and to happen the balance between the three parts discussed. Cardinal Elementss That Influence Globalization: Globalization can be influenced by certain factors ; in this subdivision seven different factors that influence globalisation will be discussed ; historical, economic system, resources and market, production issues, political, industrial organisation and engineerings. First there’s historical, the trade paths used were made old ages ago so goods and services could be brought from one state to another. There is a well-known path from E to west, and this is an illustration of a historical factor. Next there is economic system, one time a merchandise has reached its purchaser, the cost and value of the good or service determines the motion of good and values add-on. This overall is a really of import factor of globalisation. Third is the resources and markets, this is a factor act uponing globalisation as all natural resources like oil, gas, H2O, coal or human resources contribute to it. Then there is production issues, if companies are over capacitated or the domestic market is slacking this will do companies travel planetary for better options for goods or services. The following factor that influences globalisation is political, if a state has political issues this may take to globalisation. The 6th factor would be industrial organisation ; this is where the developments of engineering in countries of production, houses and merchandise mix are assisting companies to spread out their work. The hiring service has a strong influence on globalisation. The last factor is engineerings, this gives a rise of importing or exporting of goods and services to and from different states ( Chand, 2014 ) . Positives and negatives of globalisation: There are both positive and negative facets of globalisation. The first benefit would be free trade. Free trade reduces the barriers that stand between states merchandising with one another. When there are no barriers to merchandise, states engage in free trade. This means that there are benefits for economic systems and consumers ( Bolderson and Mabbett, 1999 ) . There would be a greater pick of goods and services for consumers, there would be lower monetary values as the completion would lift and monetary values would drop. Another benefit of economic globalisation would be free motion of labor. This is where workers can travel from one state to another easy, where they can lend to different economic systems with their selling accomplishments. Free motion of labour allows economic systems to make full any spreads that are in the labor markets, by engaging workers from different states to make full occupations. This manner companies can engage workers from foreign states to work, ut ilizing their online tools and telecommunications. These benefits of free motion of labor besides works in a different way, for illustration if a state has really small occupations but excessively many workers, a worker may take to travel to different markets where a occupation may be better. Although free trade and free motion of labor are benefits for economic systems, they can besides hold a negative consequence. The biggest downside of globalisation is the injury to economic systems caused at early phases of development. Free trade forces all states to vie with each other, and this consequences in the smaller, less developed states falling behind the more developed 1s. Another downside was due to the possibility of workers traveling from one state to another, states would happen it difficult to promote their workers to remain in their ain state. Another negative consequence is the negative impact globalisation has on revenue enhancement. Since states are frequently merchandising with each other, a batch of larger states avoid paying revenue enhancements. States have really small control over the bigger states avoiding revenue enhancement, which means they have to raise the revenue enhancements in their ain states to seek and do up for the lost revenue enhancement aggr egations. Last, globalisation has a cultural impact on states that have a big in-migration record, go forthing a weakening in civilizations that favour greater cultural and economic authorization. Decision: To reason this essay, globalisation is the procedure of international integrating originating from the interchange of universe positions, merchandises, thoughts and other facets of civilization. It affects the environment, civilization, political relations, economic system, development and human well-being worldwide. Some people believe that globalisation is about competition, that the poorer, led developed states fall behind the more developed 1s. Following economic globalisation is the dependance of states, it includes their utilizations of finance, production, establishments and organisations. Economic globalisation is when states have had to cut their monetary values for goods and services as the competition in the more developed states is excessively high. After economic globalisation, there’s planetary administration. This is the manner states control their organisations and concerns, intending they introduce Torahs and ordinances. The cardinal elements that influence gl obalisation are ; history, economic system, resources and market, production issues, political relations, industrial organisations and engineerings, in other words globalisation is influenced depending on a states province or place. Last there are both positive and negative effects of globalisation. The positives include ; free trade and free motion of labor. The negatives are ; the injury to the economic systems, states unable to maintain their ain workers, revenue enhancement and the deficiency of civilizations left in specific states. Finally, I think that globalisation has affected societal policy, as different states all run otherwise. If every state was ran the same manner there would be no competition and every state would be equal, go forthing everyone with equal occupations and chances. Word Count:2096 Mentions: Bolderson, H. , Mabbett, D.. ( 1999 ) . Theories and Methods in Comparative Social Policy. In: Clasen, J.Comparative Social Policy Concepts, Theories and Methods. 2nd erectile dysfunction. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. p48-49. Chand, S.. ( 2014 ) .7 Factors Influencing Globalization – Discussed! .Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.yourarticlelibrary.com/globalization/7-factors-influencing-globalization-discussed/22639/ . Last accessed 30th November 2014. Cousins, M. ( 2005 ) .European Welfare States.London: Sage Publications. P.44 Hopper, P. ( 2006 ) .Populating With Globalization. Oxford: Berg Publishers. p16-17. Koivukoski, T. , Tabachnick, D. ( 2004 ) .Globalization, Technology and Philosophy. United States of America: State University of New York Press. p9-13. Lamy, P.. ( 2010 ) . Of What Use is Global Governance? .The Global Journal. 110 ( 1 ) , p1-5. Ritzer, G. ( 2007 ) .A Blackwell Companion to Globalization. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. p30. Schirato, T. , Webb, J. ( 2003 ) .Understanding Globalization. London: Sage Publications. p2-5. Shangquan, G.. ( 2000 ) . Economic Globalization: Tendencies, Risks and Risk Prevention.Economic and Social Affairs. 10 ( 1 ) , p10. Sykes, R. , ( 2003 ) . Social Policy and Globalization. In: Alcock, P. Erskine, A. May, M.The Students Companion to Social Policy. 2nd erectile dysfunction. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. p.161. Vayrynan, R. ( 1999 ) .Globalization and Global Governance. United States of America: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers INC. p25-28. Who.ie. ( 2014 ) .Trade, foreign policy, diplomatic negotiations and wellness.Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.who.int/trade/glossary/story038/en/ . Last accessed 30th November 2014 1

Understanding Anthimeria in Language

Understanding Anthimeria in Language Anthimeria is a rhetorical term for the creation of a new word or expression by using one part of speech or word class in place of another. For example, in the slogan for Turner Classic Movies, Lets Movie, the noun movie is used as a verb. In grammatical studies, anthimeria is known as a functional shift or conversion. The word comes from the Greek, meaning one part for another. Anthimeria and Shakespeare In the National Review in 1991, Linda Bridges and William F. Rickenbacker discussed William Shakespeares use of anthimeria and its impact on the English language. Anthimeria: Use of a word that is normally one part of speech in a situation that requires it to be understood as a different part of speech. In English, and this is one of its greatest virtues, almost any noun can be verbed. Indeed, one can read scarce a page of Shakespeare without running across some new verb hatched out of his teeming loin. To scarf, for example, was the verb implied in Hamlets speech, where he says, My sea-gown  scarfd  about me.   Ben Yagoda wrote about Shakespeare and anthimeria in The New York Times in 2006. Lexical categories are quite useful. They make possible not only Mad Libs but also the rhetorical device  anthimeria - using a word as a  noncustomary  part of speech -   which is the reigning figure of speech of the present moment. Thats not to say its a new thing. In Middle English, the nouns duke and lord started to be used as verbs, and the verbs cut and rule shifted to nouns. Shakespeare was a pro at this; his characters coined verbs -   season  your admiration, dog them at the heels and such nouns as design, scuffle and shudder. Less common shifts are  noun  to adjective (S.J. Perlmans Beauty Part), adjective to noun (the Wicked Witchs Ill get you, my pretty) and adverb to verb (to down a drink).This functional shifting, as grammarians call it, is a favorite target of language mavens, whose eyebrows rise several inches when nouns like impact and access are verbed. Anthimeria in Advertising Yagoda discussed the use of anthimeria in advertising in the Chronicle of Higher Education in 2016. The ubiquity of ads spreads the use of new words, well, like crazy. Ads using  anthimeria  are everywhere. They can be divided into several categories, and I’ll start with the most popular. Adjective Into NounMore Happy - SonosBring the Good - Organic Valley MilkWatch All the Awesome - go90Where Awesome Happens - XfinityWe Put the Good in Morning - Tropicana . . .Noun Into VerbCome TV With Us - HuluHow to Television - AmazonLet’s Holiday - Skyy vodkaAdjective Into AdverbLive Fearless - Blue Cross Blue ShieldBuild It Beautiful - Squarespace . . . I am second to no one in my appreciation for anthimeria and the way it gooses the English language. But at this point, it’s a lazy, played-out cliche, and any copywriters who continue to resort to it should be ashamed of themselves. Examples of Anthimeria Kate: Hes still in the rec room, right?Hurley: I moved him to the boathouse. You just totally Scooby-Dood me, didnt you? -   Eggtown, Lost, 2008Ive often got the kid in my minds eye. Shes a dolichocephalic Trachtenberg, with her daddys narrow face and Jesusy look. -   Saul Bellow, More Die of Heartbreak (1987)Flaubert me no Flauberts. Bovary me no Bovarys. Zola me no Zolas. And exuberance me no exuberance. Leave this stuff for those who huckster in it and give me; I pray you, the benefits of your fine intelligence and your high creative faculties, all of which I so genuinely and profoundly admire. Thomas Wolfe, letter to F. Scott FitzgeraldCalvin and Hobbes on Verbing:Calvin: I like to verb words.Hobbes: What?Calvin: I take nouns and adjectives and use them as verbs. Remember when access was a thing? Now its something you do. It got verbed. Verbing weirds language.Hobbes: Maybe we can eventually make language a complete impediment to understanding. -   Bill Watterson, Calvin an d Hobbes

Ethical Issues in Qualitative Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethical Issues in Qualitative Research - Essay Example It may for example compromise doctrines of justice and beneficence in a research (Lo, 2012). Research with vulnerable and protected groups is another ethical dilemma. It arises from the doctrine of justice that established the need for protecting the participants. The rules however restrict a researcher’s freedom to explore a research problem from a systematic approach and therefore tempt the researcher to breach the rules. The use of self as a research subject is another ethical dilemma in qualitative research. This is because of associated self-interest in the research together with increased chances of biasness that arises from the subjective nature of a qualitative research, factors that undermine potential advantages of the approach to research such as a researcher’s rich experiences as a cheap and readily available source of data (Krishnaswamy, Sivakumar and Mathirajan, 2009). The scope of my study that involves exploration of human experiences is susceptible to e thical issues such as â€Å"autonomy, beneficence, and justice† (Academic Conference, 2010). Developing a research methodology and proposed methods for implementing a research is one of the fundamentals to a successful research. Ensuring an ethical research by providing for ethical considerations and implementing the considerations in a research process is however a challenge. This is because the ethical requirements restrict a researcher and scope of a research. I have therefore realized that the need to conduct a thorough research may force a qualitative researcher to compromise ethical

Exams questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Exams questions - Essay Example This was interpreted by some commentators as the Jihadists’ way of warning Australia and deterring it in collaborating with the United States. But unfortunately, the message was ignored by the Australian government, putting its citizens at ever greater risk. Bali might not be officially Australian soil, but with the organization and skill with which the Islamic militants operate, it might not be long before Australia is made to pay for its ill advised alliance with imperialists further north (Abuza, 2003, p.170). With the apparent failure of its participation in the War of Terror campaign, the policy makers in Canberra should also remind themselves of the real causes of Bali bombings. The Establishment press, most of it owned or controlled by Rupert Murdoch and keen on promoting its own interests had presented a blanket view in its Bali reports. For example, the Australian mainstream media wants its citizens to believe that the terror attack in the Indonesian island was a sequel to the campaign of hatred against western way of life that was kick-started with September 11 attacks. But this view-point is not accurate. The South East Asia region has a large Muslim population. Indonesia is a thriving centre for Islamic scholarship and practice. But unfortunately, Australia had in the past sided with the oppressive Suharto regime (with the tacit support of the United States and Britain) and had indirectly aided injustice in the past. The Muslims in the region have every reason to feel aggrieved. What Australia needs to do is to keep its intelligence gathering efforts to a minimum and focus its energies on reaching out to its neighbours. A real change in the threat of terror will only come about when economic opportunism and imperialist ambition is replaced with humanitarian concern and noble statesmanship. It is becoming obvious that the best way forward for policy makers in Canberra is to sever

Quantitative Methods for Historical Data Analysis

Quantitative Methods for Historical Data Analysis The use of quantitative methods for historical data analysis has become popularized by demographers, sociologists, social science historians, and economic historians since the Economic History Association and the National Bureau of Economic Research conference on income and wealthy in 1957.[1] In the past six decades, with the rapid development of computer information system and prevailing global Internet, quantitative analysis is gradually drawing history research closer to science and helps intensify peoples understanding of history. The first historical study that utilizes the quantitative analysis of historical data is Emily Eriksons, Malfeasance and the Foundations for Global Trade: The Structure of English Trade in the East Indies, 1601-1833.[2] In their 2006 article, Erikson and Bearman analyze that the growth and the global trade network of East India Company (EIC), 1601 to 1833, is mainly ascribed not to the entrepreneurial power of the company but to that its individual agents acting in their own self-interest, often at the expense of the EIC. To investigate the practices of individual malfeasance, Erikson and Bearman use data based on the sufficient data of 4,572 voyages taken by EIC including the records of ships, ship logs, journals, ports, voyage schedules, ledgers, individual and corporate correspondences, financial records and books, receipts, registers of cargo, personnel, and armaments. Data from The Catalogue of the East India Companys Ships Journals and Logs, 1600-1834 and The Biographical index of East India Company maritime service officers: 1600-1834 are used to demonstrate the carrying capacity of the EIC and the ports involved in the trade network.[3] Evidence reveals that the EIC management created opportunities for the private traders that were involved in malfeasance and for the relationship between EIC and the private traders. Evidence also shows how EIC management identified the private traders, the captains on the ships, and who used company resources to conduct private trades for personal profits. In addition to the impacts on economics, the history of malfeasance can be associated with social, cultural, and political factors. By using this data, Erikson and Bearman trace EIC trade from its early access to the Silk Road to the crossing of the Indian Ocean and discovering of an all-water route to Asia.[4] Through the examination of individual ships port visits, Erikson and Bearman are able to develop a thesis that argues the personal ambitions of ships captains indirectly led to a more developed globalized trade network. The second historical study that utilize the quantitative analysis of historical data is Tyler Anbinders Moving beyond Rags to Riches: New Yorks Irish Famine Immigrants and Their Surprising Savings Accounts (Anbinder 2012). In his 2012 article, Anbinder examines the financial conditions of New York Irish immigrant community in the nineteenth century. Rather than rely solely on the correspondences, employment records, and estimated assets, Anbinder uses a resource newly available to historians as of his writing: the Irish immigrants saving accounts at the Emigrant Saving Bank. [5] Anbinder challenges the long-held beliefs of many historians that Irish immigrants, particularly the Famine immigrants, were desperately poorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Widely despised, and often subsisting on the bare edge of starvation.[6] He argues that the Irish immigrants communities had optimistic chance of success based on the amount of money in their saving accounts.[7] To examine the savings of New Yorks Irish famine immigrants, Anbinder and his students conducted a research study by creating a database of nine hundred depositors (both immigrants and non-immigrants).[8] These were randomly chosen from among the first 18,000 accounts opened at the bank. Important factors examined include date of arrival in America, occupational distribution, and immigrants economic backgrounds in Ireland.[9] Anbinder argues the findings that the saving figures were underestimated the immigrants true net worth because of an overlook of immigrants additional accounts, remittances to the family in Ireland, other kinds of assets (real estate, business investments, personal property), and the actual financial resources.[10] Based on evidence, Anbinder acknowledges how the famine-era immigrant saved money from an unskilled job to a more profit-making category, own business, and/or using political connections to get higher-paying occupations. Anbinder illustrates a portrait of New York Irish immigrants using quantitative analysis of their bank records to draw out simple and independent indicators is radically different from his colleagues. In addressing his peers in eth field, Anbinder states that it is the historians responsibly to discard entirely the rags-to-riches paradigmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ and instead reconceptualize how we think about immigrant economic achievement in America.[11] He urges historians to look more at savings rather than these other measures of economic achievement. Saving is much more accurate measure of economic accomplishment, and the data is available, waiting to be explored. But it needs to be exploited soon because the records are quickly disappearing.[12] The third historical study that utilizes the quantitative analysis of historical data is the third chapter of Susie Paks Gentlemen Bankers: The World of J. P. Morgan. In her book, Pak examines the inner working of the private banking sectors from the perspective of J. P. Morgan Co. Paks approach differs from other studies of the private bankers to compartmentalize their lives into economic, business, and social circles. Studying these circles, Pak argues, is problematic in that it obscures the context in which social choice and business decisions were made and instead, call for an integrated approach. Rather than writing a biography of the Morgans, Pak takes a broad view of the Morgans relationships, combining and drawing on the studies of the Morgans social and business relations that have come before it.[13] She focuses on a history of their network, meaning it studies their relationships and how they were organized.[14] In addition to broadening the parameters of the study, Pak u ses quantitative methods to analyze historical data that helps verify some facts with results that have been mixed. In the third chapter of the book, Gentlemen Bankers, Pak examines the relationships between J.P. Morgan Co. and the Jewish banking family of Kuhn, Leob Co.[15] She argues that religion led to the rise of Jewish firms and influenced the social clubs to which certain successful bankers and lawyers belonged. To investigate how the White Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASPs) and German-Jewish bankers were able to build trust and work together under the hostile anti-Semitism in America, Pak analyzes Morgans appointment books, social club ledgers, and patterns of residence within the neighbors as well as the syndicate partners. She points out the structural and historical similarities were existed between Jewish and Yankee bankers, such as an unlimited liability private partnership, strong connections with European economic networks, shared multiple kinship ties and family marriages.[16] She also argues that social separation significantly existed because of the cultural, religious differences , language barriers, and other historical trends.[17] Starting in the nineteenth century, discrimination against the Jewish among Anglo-Americans occurred in institutions of higher learning and high society.[18] Pak illustrates that Morgan and Jewish did not reside or congregate within the same social clubs or fraternities. However, in the nine to five relationship that while Jewish and non-Jewish bankers were able to maintain their connection in downtown during the working hours, and yet the partners residences in uptown New York remained separated.[19] Pak also points out not only anti-Semitism existed between Jewish and non-Jewish bankers, racial and gender discrimination against non-white immigrants and women was not usual in the financial world during the time.[20] Paks integrated approach analyzing the appointment books, social club ledgers, and the patterns of residence within the neighbors and the syndicate partners helps interpret and analyze historical evidence more effectively. [1] North, Douglass C. Cliometrics-40 Years Later. The American Economic Review, 1977: 412-414Two presentations by Alfred Conrad and John Meyer analyzing the history of the economies of U.S. and Canada in quantitative terms, on methodology (1957) and on the economics of slavery (1958), see also Conrad, A. H. and Meyer, J. R. Economic Theory, Statistical Inference and Economic History, Journal of Economic History 17:4 (Dec. 1957): 524-44: Conrad, A. H. and Meyer, J. R. The Economics of Slavery in the Antebellum South. Journal of Political Economy 66:2 (April 1958): 95-130. [2] Erikson, Emily. Malfeasance and the Foundations for Global Trade: The Structure of English Trade in the East Indies, 1601-1833. The American Journal of Sociology, 2006: 195-230. [3] Ibid. 207 [4] Ibid. 200 [5] Tyler Anbnder, Moving beyond Rags to Riches: New Yorks Irish Famine Immigrants and Their Surprising Savings Accounts, Journal of American History 99, no. 3 (2012): 743 [6] 4 Oscar Handlin, Bostons Immigrants: A Study in Acculturation (1941; Cambridge, Mass., 1991), 69, 55; Kerby A. Miller, Emigrants and Exiles: Ireland and the Irish Exodus to North America (New York, 1985), 314-16, 321-22; Donald Harman Akenson, The Irish Diaspora: A Primer (Toronto, 1993), 236-44; Kevin Kenny, Twenty Years of Irish American Historiography, Journal of American Ethnic History, 28 (Summer 2009), 67-69; Kenneth A. Scherzer, Immigrant Social Mobility and the Historian, in A Companion to American Immigration, ed. Reed Ueda (Malden, 2006), 374; Edward Ayers et al., American Passages: A History of the United States (Fort Worth, 2000), 397. [7] Tyler Anbnder, Moving beyond Rags to Riches: New Yorks Irish Famine Immigrants and Their Surprising Savings Accounts, Journal of American History 99, no. 3 (2012): 743 [8] Ibid. 747 [9] Ibid. [10] Ibid. 751 [11] Tyler Anbnder, Moving beyond Rags to Riches: New Yorks Irish Famine Immigrants and Their Surprising Savings Accounts, Journal of American History 99, no. 3 (2012): 743 [12] Ibid. 769 [13] Susie J. Pak, Gentlemen Bankers: The world of J.P. Morgan (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Unversity Press, 2013): 4 [14] Ibid. [15] Chapter three: Anti-Semitism in Economic Network, 81-106 [16] Susie J. Pak, Gentlemen Bankers: The world of J.P. Morgan (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Unversity Press, 2013): 80-82 [17] Ibid. 86 The refusal of Joseph Seligman, to the Grand Union Hotel in Saratoga, New York, on the grounds that they were Jewish or to use the term of the hotel, Israelites,' [18] Susie J. Pak, Gentlemen Bankers: The world of J.P. Morgan (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Unversity Press, 2013): 95 [19] Ibid. 85 [20] Ibid. 103-106

Ode to Evening

Tuesday, March 6, 2007 Ode to Evening – William Collins Introduction: â€Å"Ode to Evening,† is one among the most enduring poems of William Collins. It is a beautiful poem of fifty-two lines, addressed to a goddess figure representing evening. This nymph, or maid, who personifies dusk, is chaste, reserv’d, and meek, in contrast to the bright-hair’d sun, a male figure who withdraws into his tent, making way for night. Thus evening is presented as the transition between light and darkness. Collins’ Construction of Evening: Collins slowly constructs Evening as an allegorical figure with many attributes, and many aural and visual characteristics. Collins piles up epithets; Eve is â€Å"chaste,† â€Å"reserved,† â€Å"composed,† â€Å"calm,† â€Å"meekest†; her ear is â€Å"modest. † The figure of Eve so far is only yet a sketch, but her attributes add up to the idea of an attractive, calm woman who is not restless or forcefully active. Contrast of Evening with the Daytime: According to the poet, Evening possesses â€Å"solemn springs† and â€Å"dying gales† Daytime activity gives way to calm as the wind literally often dies down in the evening. Some activity now supplements our picture of Eve. The gentle movements of water and the air ensure that her figure is not static. Eve’s contrast with the daytime world is even more obvious when Collins compares her to the setting sun. The glaring â€Å"bright-haired sun† sits regally in his tent of clouds, the â€Å"skirts† or edges of which seem to be made of many-colored braided cloth. This ethereal (heavenly) cloth evokes a picture of a vivid sunset; the sun is descending to its â€Å"wavy bed,† behind an ocean or lake. The day is almost done, and the sun not at the height of vigor (he is in his tent), but the implication is that he rests only after an active day. The Journey of the Pilgrim into the world of Evening: After the sunset, at â€Å"twilight,† the world is not yet attuned to Eve’s mood. The air is hushed, except for some annoying sounds: the bat’s â€Å"short shrill shrieks† and sound of the beetle’s â€Å"small but sullen horn. † The bat’s weak eyes and â€Å"leathern wing† are not pleasant, nor are the many beetles as they are borne (by the a breeze, I assume) up against the pilgrim on his quasi-religious journey. The beetles’ horns together can be characterized a making a humming noise; in any case they are heedless of the annoyance they cause. The Poet in a Prayerful Mood: Up until now, Collins has simply been addressing Evening. The grammatical unit of the opening of the poem is not completed until Line 15: â€Å"Now teach me. † The mood of this verb is not imperative, but prayerful. In the drama of the poem, the speaker is at first unsure of himself but gradually gains confidence. Evening has finally arrived: darkening, still, genial, cheering, vital, and beloved. The poet prays for Eve to teach him to write a poem which praises her. This is Collins’ way. Description of Evening: Now the poem blossoms. Collins begins to build up, not a literal picture of Evening, but a picture of the allegorical figure of Evening composed of details which evoke more of her attributes. A â€Å"car† or processional vehicle is being prepared for Eve in which she can progress through the evening surrounded by her attendants. The picture Collins gives us of a ceremonial car would have been more familiar to his audience than to us. Her attendants add to her characterization. Her car is prepared by The Hours (goddesses who order the seasons and are given to adorn things), and accompanied by sprightly elves who sleep in flowers, river goddesses wreathed in sedge and shedding freshening dew, and pensive Pleasures. These are active and by-and-large beautiful figures, without being at all bustling or too dazzling. They all embellish the figure of Eve, delicately balancing her qualities: active yet calm, beautiful and cheerful yet chaste and reserved. The Spirit of Evening: Collins then asks Evening to lead on as she progresses to this lovely day’s end. She moves from the lowly heath, lighted now only by a reflection of a totally calm lake. Moving upward where Evening can be seen for the last time, the lake’s light cheers an ancient building and an upland field. Note that Eve is addressed a â€Å"vot’ress†; presumably like the poet she worships the spirit of Evening. The Other side of Evening: Collins now expands on his definition. So far, his description of Evening has been calm and beautiful. But Collins’ Evening is not just beautiful. She also includes â€Å"chill blustering winds† and â€Å"driving rain. † When he cannot walk about, the poet hopes to look out from a â€Å"hut† on a mountainside, rather like the place from which many Claude scenes are viewed. He will see wild scenery and flooding rivers, as well as the poem’s first traces of ordinary civilization: â€Å"hamlets brown, and dim-discovered spires. † Now night falls as Eve’s â€Å"dewy fingers draw / The gradual dusky veil. † Evening as seen through the Whole Year: Collins then takes Evening through the year. As before, some of the associations are not pleasant. Spring is nicely associated with both water and the movement of air (showers and â€Å"breathing tresses†), Summer with sport and half-light. Autumn is less lovely (sallow), but is generous with leaves. Winter is nasty, â€Å"yelling through the troublous air and attacking Eve’s train (of attendants? of her dress? ) and even rending her robes. Evening can be attacked and is vulnerable, but she is not defeated. Collin’s characterization leads us from the beautiful picture of the poems first 32 lines to a picture of Evening’s strength to endure through good and bad. All in all, Collins has accomplished what he evidently set out to do—catch lovely time of day in all its transitory aspects. Evening as a State of Mind: Lessons from Evening: From the beginning Collins has asked Evening to lead him on, to infuse his heart and mind with the ability to see her and write about her. The progress in the poem has not just been the gradual unfolding of Evening, but the gradual education of the poet about what Evening is—from the early visions of shadowy beauty to the qualities that endure through bad weather. These qualities have obvious human analogues. In short, Evening becomes, not only a time of day, but a state of mind that develops in the pilgrim/poet by contemplating and experiencing and writing about the literal evening. Literal evening is not just associated with but actually helps cause this wonderful calm, happy, contemplative, intelligent, happy, open, creative, sympathetic state of mind, the state that feeds Fancy (as in the writing of this poem), Friendship, Science (that is knowledge and learning), and for that matter physical, and by extension mental, health. It is no surprise that these qualities sing a hymn of praise to Evening—a hymn that is a sharp contrast to the yelling of winter a few lines before. [21] Conclusion: This poem points ahead. He is enabled by this state of mind and moves forward. Ode to Evening is one of the masterpieces of Collins. Collins’ odes, do not point morals. Rather they dramatically define their subject by building up a personified and vividly pictured allegorical character. it is the best of the mid-century odes and provides a good bridge to the great Romantic poets. – With due acknowledgements to Prof. George Soule

Anylizing Concepts of Justice in to Kill a Mockingbird

Analyzing the Concept of Justice in To Kill a Mockingbird Through the study this term of the central text, To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, and related texts, films Rabbit Proof Fence by Phillip Noyce and In the Name of the Father by Jim Sheridan, my understanding of the concept of justice, or what constitutes justice, has altered considerably. We all think we know what justice is, or what it should be. In Australian colloquial terms, it is the principle of a â€Å"fair go† for everyone. In a perfect world, everyone is treated fairly. No-one is subjected to discrimination on the basis of race, religion, ethnicity, sex or disability. But the reality is that the world we inhabit is far from perfect, human beings are by their very natures†¦show more content†¦For him, like many other real-life Negroes in American history, the principles underpinning political, social and criminal justice failed. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Atticus’ belief that, â€Å"in our courts all men are created equal,† ( p. 209) makes a complete mockery of the judicial system. The recent Australian film, Rabbit Proof Fence, similarly condemns the social, political and cultural mores of colonial and post-colonial Australia in relation to its past treatment of indigenous Australians. Like To Kill a Mockingbird, it too, is set in the 1930’s and reflects similar attitudes and values whites have to black people. The film is a true story based on the book by Doris Pilkington Garimara, the daughter of one of the half-caste children in the film who, together with two other Aboriginal girls, was forcibly removed from her family in Jigalong, Western Australia. These children form part of what is now known as the â€Å"Stolen Generation†. They, like many others who lived in the first part of the 20th century, were the victims of the official government assimilationist policy which decreed that half-caste children should be taken from their families and their land in order to be made â€Å"white†. The pol icy was definitely aimed at â€Å"breeding out† Aboriginality, because only half and quarter caste children were taken. Like Tom Robinson in To Kill a Mockingbird, the three girls, Molly, Daisy and Gracie are wrongfully imprisoned, discriminated against because of

Motivation And Attitude Towards Kids - 986 Words

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Secondary reinforcement means they may acquire their value through a long chain of associations. For example, if one receives good grades in high school, they may be able to attend a respectable college, which will lead towards a suitable paying job. As previously stated, it’s very important for parents to drive their kids to do the very best they can in school. Being negative only increases the frequency of negative behavior. A poor attitude towards a problem will only make the situation worse and give the child a reason to complain more about the problem. TheseShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Technology On Student Students1392 Words   |  6 Pagesstudents a lot better than they understand student to teacher learning. Student to student learn helps in the classroom because each student push each other and helps motivate each other in the ways that help each other the best ( Newble). 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